Your CDI was showing a deflection because you were off course.
Runway 17 is aligned 168 degrees magnetic -
see here.
The VOR is (slightly) to the east of the extended runway centreline -
see here.
The inbound course on the VOR/DME approach is 170 degrees -
see here.
These factors in combination mean that the final approach track of the VOR/DME approach will be to the east of the extended runway centreline until you are a little way south of the VOR/DME ground station - ie well beyond the missed approach point.
If the CDI was lined up on the radial I would have been about half mile to the left of the approach...
What
"approach"? Are you refering to being visually aligned with the runway centreline?
Although the CB RWY 17 VOR/DME approach meets the requirements of a
"runway approach", it is not precisely aligned with the extended runway centreline. It's not a localizer.
Draw a picture....