Sorry, had read but not adsorbed the bit about the tag being stripped.
I think lept on it as tweaking the chartater set solved a very annoying document conversion problem last week.
Ok a new google lots of similar issues...
image tag stripped
Interesting stuff on Norton blocking images form whole directories - I did see that you switched it off though so may be it's not that :
http://www.webmasterworld.com/forum88/4976.htm but interesting to see how wide a net Norton casts according to the links in this forum.