West Coast said,
As to number one, it changed to a published segment due to a crash back in the 70's I believe, perhaps TWA.
Right on the money on that one. December 1, 1974. TWA 727. Not an ILS, but rather, VOR/DME 12 at IAD. NTSB, while noting the fact that the crew should have taken a better look at the approach plate, came down hard on the FAA for poor procedures and phraseology. Short version, cleared for the approach, started down from 7000 and ran into a ridge (a secret, government ridge, no less) 25 or so miles out from the airport at 1675 msl.
I’d recommend this accident report to anyone with an interest in this kind of thing. I’ve been through it many times and still find more each time I revisit it. Caution… reading it may make you very angry. Also, see “Sound of Impact: The Legacy of TWA 514” by Adam Shaw.