In Canada we have vast areas of uncontrolled airspace. IFR traffic monitor 126.7 MHz and make position reports over all navaids, before changing altitudes, and any other time that it would be sensible to tell other traffic and/or ground stations where you are. We're required to announce intentions on 126.7 and on the aerodrome frequency five minutes (or earlier, the approach plates tell you), prior to starting the approach.