To give you an example, we do not charge anything for the first attempt at each exam taken by students on our PPL/NPPL courses. For a second attempt it's £10 - and we won't let people have a 3rd attempt until they've attended a specialist ground training provider. The exams are spaced throughout the course, so that they are relevant to the stage of training being conducted at the time.
But for people who want to come and take the exams but don't want to do any flying with us before they go to one of those American places, it'll cost the same £41 per exam that the CAA charges. That's for each and every attempt, of course. Exam passes will be recorded on the PPL Application form; a copy will be given to the applicant. If the applicant fails any exam, the relevant FCL252 will be raised; the American school will be sent a summary of the applicant's examination failures in order to ensure that the applicant does not attempt to take the same paper elsewhere.