the slat flap settings and sequence for the A310 are as follows:
limit speed / slats/ flaps
245 / 15 / 0 (first position of lever)
210 / 15 / 15 (second " " " )
195 / 20 / 20 (third...)
landing gear down
180 / 30 / 40 (fourth...)
the calls would be of the nature
captain - "speed below 245 - slats 15"
f/o - "checked, selected, moving"
i.e. speed checked,
slat/flap selected by lever,
indication moving on SFPI (see ea306 post)
f/o - when it reaches the position - "slats 15"
as you can see above, first only the slats move (and this is typical for most large jets - the leading edge devices move first)
the SFPI - slat flap position indicator would indicate the movement. uncommanded movement would lead to 2 lights on the overhead panel if an SFCC( S F control computer) fault was detected, and incase of 'assymetry' (and 'uncommanded movement' but i'll have to check on that) the flaps would be locked via "wing tip brakes" and a 3rd light on the SFPI would illuminate. i guess an SFCC fault would register because the flap position would not match that of the lever.
never really heard of this happenning but the only way to stop this would be to pull circuit breakers (locating them among hundreds wouldn't be easy) or to shutoff hydraulics. flaps are powered by green and yellow and slats by green and blue. a dual hydraulic failure (emergency - LASAP - land as soon as possible) is one of the BIG ones on the A310.
if the flaps started moving in cruise for instance at high altitude, it would most certainly lead to a jet upset and be very difficult, if at all, to control. if it happened at slower speeds it could be controllable but would mean flap overspeeds and in an extreme case flap damage or loss. the airbus manual itself asks for overspeeds to be reported only if they are more than 20 kts (if memory serves me right, or atleast 10) or the aircraft is under unusual g loading.
ofcourse hydraulics could be restored after slowing to the appropriate speeds provided the hyds were not damaged due to the flap getting ripped off.
hope that helps