Questions regarding NATO underfunding go back years. Robert Gates clearly observed what was coming.
In 1953, President Dwight D. Eisenhower warned European allies that "the American well can run dry" and pressed them to assume a larger share of the alliance's defense burden. The issue resurfaced repeatedly over the following decades as successive administrations sought greater European contributions to collective defense.
The concern persisted long after the Cold War. In a blunt 2011 farewell speech in Brussels, then-War Secretary Robert Gates warned of a "dim if not dismal future" for NATO if European governments continued underinvesting in their militaries. Gates cautioned that there would be "dwindling appetite and patience" among American lawmakers and taxpayers to bear a disproportionate share of the alliance's defense costs.
Yet despite decades of warnings, the underlying incentives changed little.