The 777 and 787 use springs and cam-roller mechanisms to provide pitch feel. At higher airspeeds, the feel and centering mechanism increases the forces by increasing the preload on the springs. The backdrive actuators are active only when the autopilot is engaged or when flight envelope protections are active. The springs are never overridden.
It's possible to measure the column force regardless of how the feel and centering is accomplished. The force transducers are in series between the controls and the feel and centering mechanisms. Control forces are required FDR parameters since 2009 (IIRC). That means that 767s and 737s have to measure it as well. Even aircraft from the 60s have force transducers; they're needed for the control wheel steering mode of the autopilot.
