An "Alaskan Highway" gives a route from the island to the aircraft park at the bow, without coming near the recovery runway or aircraft. Since the bow park Stbd is where the recovery cycle aircraft are usually heading there are pilots to get inboard and debrief and maintainers to get to the aircraft and safe/ turn/service them, at the same time the runway is in use. It makes the deck ballet choreography easier.
I believe the RN once tried an Alaskan Highway big enough for aircraft. That had theoretical benefit to the process of getting the (serviceable) aircraft back to tye aft parks readh for thr next launch cycle. It didn't work out, I think.
At 0200, with the ship darkened, the Alaskan Highway was a cold and lonely place to be whilst waiting for your pinger turnround, audible in the stbd wait for at least half an hour while Wings buggered about with another Stovie launch.
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