has this ever happened before?
A similar event happened with PIA 8303 where the PM retracted the landing gear and the PF didn't know that.
While the initial cause was different, the information differential was there. Interlocks only deal with initial cause; what needs to be managed is the information differential.
I'd say the Lion Air 737 MAX crash was also an information differential problem - the Captain had repeatedly completely reset the trim condition of the plane after each MCAS increment, but did not convey that information to the First Officer. The First Office allowed 50-90 pounds of pitch force to accumulate on the wheel but did not inform the Captain this was happening. AF447 crashed because one of the pilots was pulling nose up and holding a stall because, as near as I can tell, he had believed that an Airbus could never stall; this was an information differential with the other pilot who was forcing the nose down. Neither communicated to the other and the Airbus computers did not interrupt that silence.