Worth reading in full, full of titbits - and why sanctions will prevent them rearming, lots of US, and British, essential components.
https://static.rusi.org/special-repo...tion-z-web.pdf
Operation Z - The Death Throes of an Imperial Delusion
"anti-tank missiles slowed the Russians down, but what killed them was our artillery”
“When it comes to prestige weapons systems like the Iskander-M short-range ballistic missile, there is a limit to the proportion of the stockpile Russia can expend against Ukraine without undermining its defence plans against NATO, China and others. Without an assured supply chain to manufacture more, the Russians are having to retain a large proportion of the stockpile, which would restrict their ability to strike Ukraine in the coming months. But here the Russian military industries face a problem, for Russia’s latest weapons are heavily dependent upon critical specialist components manufactured abroad.“….
“An examination by the technical labs of the Ukrainian intelligence community of the Aqueduct family of Russian military radios (R-168-5UN-2, R-168-5UN-1 and R-168-5UT-2), which form the backbone of the Russian military’s tactical communications, for instance, reveals critical electronic components manufactured in the US, Germany, the Netherlands, South Korea and Japan.56 The pattern is universal. Almost all of Russia’s modern military hardware is dependent upon complex electronics imported from the US, the UK, Germany, the Netherlands, Japan, Israel, China and further afield.“…
"The authors physically inspected one of these computers recovered from a crashed 9M727 during fieldwork in April...Of the seven socket attachment points allowing data to be moved through the heat shield...six are all products of US companies."….
"Many components are dual-use...Russia has established mechanisms for laundering these through third countries. Restricting access...likely means preventing export to countries such as India of goods that are in some instances used for civilian purposes." …
“Limiting Russia’s ability to protract fighting beyond the summer could be effectively enabled by reducing its access to modern armaments. To achieve this, Western countries must conduct a thorough assessment of where their companies are knowingly or inadvertently supplying Russia and cut off these channels.
The severing of these channels will not alter the volume of munitions physically stockpiled by Russia for operations in the summer. But the expectations of future manufacture will both shape how much of the stockpile can be expended in Ukraine and the Kremlin’s confidence in the long-term security implications of continuing the war”.…..