if not they cannot be assumed to be when providing a RAS - they must be treated as worst case.
Understood. Form the controller's point-of-view, I suppose there would eb an equivalent problem with Class C in that an a/c could be under-flying the controlled airspace without squawking, or only squawking mode A, and would not be in radio contact.
I take your point though: such a/c would be less likely to actually be in the Class C, as they may be in Class E, so presumably you would not have vectored your RAS traffic around these returns before.
Andy