As Mad Scientist notes - it's called "Return to Land" - and it is a cert requirement, although the specifics themselves are rather vague.
The scenario is that there is some undefined emergency right after a MTOW takeoff that means you need to return to land as soon as possible, well above the max landing weight - fire, major hydraulic failure, etc. However since the nature of the emergency is undefined, you don't need to account for the consequences of the emergency - e.g. longer stopping distances because a hydraulic failure took out some of the brakes (you do want the pilots to be on their 'A Game' though).
It's generally not a limiting case, but it is something that is taken into consideration during the certification process.