PPRuNe Forums - View Single Post - Cirrus descent rate under parachute less with wind?
Old 7th Apr 2020, 10:53
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Jim59
 
Join Date: Jun 2008
Location: Luton
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Since I cannot fly I'll bite...

"How on Earth can ANYTHING which is drifting with the wind have any lift generated from any wind 'blowing' over any airframe, when there is NO wind blowing over any airframe? Which bit of drifting with the wind is unclear? Have you ever given a moment's thought to how a hot air balloon gets its lift? It cannot be from any wind - AS THERE IS NO RELATIVE WIND WHEN YOU'RE DRIFTING WITH IT."[

If it is drifting with the wind at a constant height then the above statement seems to be valid. However we are talking about a descending object. If there is wind present then as the object gets closer to the ground it will pass through a wind gradient where the wind decreases in strength. Due to inertia the descending object will not instantly reduce its ground speed to match the velocity of the now weaker wind - hence there will be an airflow over both 'chute and plane (not necessarily the same airflow since the vertical separation means they are in different parts of the wind gradient).

Now this may seem trivial or frivolous but if one looks up dynamic soaring (or the Coandă effect) it is a real world phenomena exploited by the albatross in particular. The bird has an adaptation to lock its wings in the same position without exerting any energy and by manoeuvring within the wind gradient can gain energy to stay aloft and progress into wind without flapping its wings. This effect was identified as far back as 1883. Dynamic soaring is also exploited by radio controlled glider modellers. In winds near the surface of 50-60 mph the current world record speed achieved by using the wind gradient to gain energy is 545 mph (USA) and 368 mph (UK) with G forces up to 100! ([url=http://www.rcspeeds.com/pilotslist?t=ll]- RCSPeeds.com)

Wind gradients of course mean that approaching to land into wind will cause a loss of energy as we descend on final. Quite a few glider pilots who have tried to do a downwind beat-ups at the end of a task followed by a pull-up and 180 degree turn to land have either come to grief – or pretty close – because pulling up into a wind gradient whilst going downwind loses a lot of energy and can result in a spin off the turn.

But I think all this is beyond the scope of a Cirrus dangling from a parachute.
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