thanx a bunch everyone.... yup invalid wot u said seems pretty good to me.. i initially got my IR in a C152.... only that on a 45/180 procedure turn u'd correct for wind for flying the TRACK out..... but the timing would be 1 mt 15 secs from the start of the turn without variation for a head or tailwind, except when the procedure turn has to be completed winthin a certain distance from the radio fix, in which case the time correction would be done on the outbound leg from the radio fix PRIOR to commencing the procedure turn ? what do u think?