I could never be considered an expert in F35 ops but I’m guessing the answer is to use the EJ seat. Just like every other single engine, carrier borne aircraft that was thus equipped.
For the F35 to have been spec’d with a single engine I feel sure that lots of clever people had to first be sure the engine was safe enough for that situation.
From my, Air Force, perspective carrier ops are inherently risky at any time. I don’t think the F35, of any variant, has ratcheted up the risk level in any appreciable way.
BV