Touché Genghis, I was using the KISS principle, given the nature of the original question.. .. .Yes, at large angles of attack there may be a significant pressure error, giving rise to a difference between CAS and IAS, perhaps I should have used CAS (or RAS)! In large modern aircraft, the Air Data System will display CAS in any case. <img border="0" title="" alt="[Wink]" src="wink.gif" /> . .. .Yes, some aircraft have high angle of attack protection systems that change the aircraft configuration by extending slats etc - I thought that was outside the discussion.. .. .Pegasus77 I'm afraid that just isn't so. The lift does not equal the weight in either a steady climb or descent. In a steady descent the lift = weight . CosØ, Where Ø is the angle of descent. Note that in straight and level flight, the angle of descent is zero, and CosØ = 1 (i.e. Lift = Weight in S&L) at any angle of desent, the Lift < Weight.. . . . <small>[ 09 March 2002, 03:57: Message edited by: Checkboard ]</small>