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Old 22nd Sep 2019, 14:24
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Chugalug2
 
Join Date: Aug 2006
Location: West Sussex
Age: 82
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In retrospect (a vital tool for all armchair warriors!) this strategic thrust was doomed from the start. Intelligence, Comms, DZ locations, Logistics, all were found wanting from Day 1. However, even if there were better preparations made, it all came down to one road and its various bridges that XXX Corps had to traverse to a very tight schedule if they were to get to 1st Airborne in time. We concentrate perhaps too much on the Battle of Arnhem itself when down that vital road things were going awry. Perhaps more attention should be focussed instead on the Nijmegen Bridge and the town itself. This from Wiki:-

To their north, the 82nd arrived with a small group dropped near Grave securing the bridge. They also succeeded in capturing one of the vitally important bridges over the Maas-Waal canal, the lock-bridge at Heumen. The 82nd concentrated their efforts to seize the Groesbeek Heights instead of capturing their prime objective, the Nijmegen bridge. The capture of the Groesbeek Heights was to set up a blocking position on the high ground to prevent a German attack out of the nearby Reichswald and to deny the heights to German artillery observers. Browning, the commander of the 1st Airborne Army agreed with the assertions of Gavin, the commander of the 82nd, that Groesbeek Heights are the priority. Gavin wanted to occupy the Grave and Maas (Meuse)-Waal canal bridges before Nijmegen bridges. He would only send troops when these bridges were secure releasing troops to seize the Nijmegen bridge. Before the operation on 15 September Gavin verbally ordered Lt-Col Linquist of the 508th to send a battalion to the Nijmegen bridge after landing. He had decided that there were enough troops for the other objectives. Linquist later said he understood he should send a battalion after his regiment had completed their earlier assigned targets. Linquist's battalion approached the bridge that evening delaying the seizure of the bridge. The battalion was stopped by a SS unit that had driven south from Arnhem. A part of the SS unit returned to Arnhem but found the northern end of the Arnhem bridge occupied by the British 1st Airborne. In an attempt to cross the bridge most of the SS unit was killed including the commander.
If the force sent to the Groesbeek Heights (there was no serious German threat from there) had instead taken the Nijmegen Bridge, the SS would have been kept out and the way to Arnhem secured much sooner. Easy to say of course, but on such choices battles and even wars are won or lost.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Market_Garden

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Nijmegen
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