As I understand it - they all make up their own. What each carrier decides is part of a ticket's 'class' is up to them and they place them into their terms of carriage.
The class of ticket covers many, many factors about changes, upgrades, refunds and these may have variations based upon the time before travel, who sold the ticket, how much was paid, if the first sector has already been travelled etc. etc.
Finding all of the class details for a given airline is possible but will take some time. Search their website, with some, you may have to make a phone call or direct request. If a ticket is sold on-line they have to provide all the relevant information to you.