Originally Posted by
DaveReidUK
Annex 14 (which of course contains SARPs, not binding rules) simply says that one pair should be designated with the nearest 10° heading and the other pair with the next nearest. But then it also says that runway designator markings should always be 2 digits.

The FAA has done allot over the last 25 years or so in the name of "ICAO harmonization" (at least that's what they used to call it back in the '90s) But some things are not likely to change any time soon.
As more work is put in toward understanding the effects of human factors though, the FAA has been very interested in finding ways to reduce pilot misperceptions as they relate to runway safety and the prevention of incursions. It's been a hot-button issue for quite some time now. Not much seems to work, but they're always trying!
I agree about the two digit runway designations too. It bothers me a little bit when that convention is ignored.