Your first hurdle is to get a sponsor. A Chinese operator must want you to obtain the licence, and then make the necessary arrangements. The sponsor will then manage any arrangements necessary for the astronaut medical, exams etc. Note that the licence will probably be owned by the operator, not you.
An easier approach is to obtain a validation. However, you will still need a sponsor and validations are only temporary.
Were you serious about Chinese fluency? Note that as a non-Chinese citizen, any level of fluency in Chinese does not necessarily get you past the airport restrictions you mention. I have a colleague who was born in China but emigrated as a child; he now holds a CAAC licence and lives in China, but he is not allowed to operate to restricted airports.
Regarding restricted airport: not all airports in China have English speaking controllers, and some airports are considered sensitive for one reason or another (eg. military operations). These airports are normally restricted to non-Chinese pilots and aircraft. However exceptions are granted on a case-by-case basis, the condition being that a suitably licensed local pilot is carried as a navigator.
Good luck!