If this had been a doctor or surgeon about to operate, nobody would have any right to impose an alcohol or any other test on him (unless he was driving a car) There would be no possibility of prosecution, very worst-case scenario would be being sent home.
I think not. As a minimum, local disciplinary action +/- referral for help with alcohol problems. Referral to the General Medical Council a strong possibility, leading to restrictions on practice or ultimately being struck off the Medical Register. BTW, a surgeon is a doctor.