Originally Posted by
hellcheez
Thanks for the clarification and the rest of the detail. Being a completely optional turn is very different to the US.
Mc Fuz alluded to this a little. However; the piece of the puzzle that you may be missing is this - The U.S. bases it’s procedures on TERPS. NZ and Oz use PANS-Ops. They’re very different, but look similar enough to be easy to mistake as the same thing.
States (nations) choose a design standard. The two most common are ICAO PANS - Ops and TERPS.