This is the sort of job that should be performed using an Access database. Excel is not the right tool for the job!
I can understand why you might be tempted to use Excel but it really is an abuse of a spreadsheet program which will lead to problems in the future. With anything more than a very few images the file sizes will become enormous very quickly indeed. Then you will have issues over the time it takes to retrieve records and load and save updates.
Use a database such as Access. This will also allow for screen layouts to be designed to replicate a spreadsheet with an option to select an image by clicking on a button, or to display a small thumbnail with the record. Exactly what you seem to want.