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-   -   AF 447 Thread no. 4 (https://www.pprune.org/tech-log/454653-af-447-thread-no-4-a.html)

OK465 7th Jul 2011 19:47


And what would be the next thing you would do?
Is this a trick question? :)

mm43 7th Jul 2011 19:58

The position of the sidestick(s) and its view from seat #3 appears to becoming an issue judging by posts in the last couple of pages. As previously noted many posts ago, the sidestick position is displayed on the PFDs when in the WoW mode.

If displaying the the sidestick position following an AP disconnect is adding too much clutter to the display, then displaying it when loss of airspeed data due to NCD occurs might be a good get me home option.

In the same situation displaying the mean AoA value plus the THS position would save one from making the, "No valid indications" comment.

BOAC 7th Jul 2011 20:06

OK - that's one vote for a 'sort of inertial' system and one that appears to not understand what the question means.

Originally Posted by fantom
I offer the instruction free of charge.

- I'll take you up on that - do you perchance have a system diagram showing inputs to the THS system that I might learn from?


Originally Posted by henra
May I point you to the fact that similar statements would have to be made for most if not all types of airliners ?

- no you may not since you do not understand the significance of the word 'lock'. I'm not sure whether that is a language problem or if you fly the a/c but do not understand it properly (as fantom said in his now 'disappeared' post). In English 'lock' means to secure something so that it CANNOT EASILY BE MOVED - as in the Airbus.

If I could have a definitive answer that will not be challenged two pages later by someone else I can move along.

henra 7th Jul 2011 20:19


Originally Posted by BOAC (Post 6558307)
- no you may not since you do not understand the significance of the word 'lock'. I'm not sure whether that is a language problem or if you fly the a/c but do not understand it properly (as fantom said in his now 'disappeared' post). In English 'lock' means to secure something so that it CANNOT EASILY BE MOVED - as in the Airbus.

That may indeed be a language problem being not a native speaker although I generally do understand what 'Locked' means.

However I did not take it literally as 'locked' in that paragraph, more along the lines the THS being at +8° (e.g. due to Auto Trim deactivated, so unless manually moved it will simply stay there but not being mechanically arrested in any way).
Bear in mind Airbus is a Company with a lot of French influence/origin, thus English documents may deviate slightly from the original French ones from time to time. My feeling is you might be over- interpreting something in their Language.
Do we have any indication that there is a possibility to literally lock the THS (in the sense you took it) ?

rudderrudderrat 7th Jul 2011 20:42

Hi BOAC,


and one that appears to not understand what the question means.
I think you'd enjoy the course.

The ADC input will modify the elevator movement. The stab will be autotrimmed so the elevators return to their neutral position.

http://www.merrowresidents.org/pprune/Stabtrim.jpg

BOAC 7th Jul 2011 20:51

Thank you rrat - I'll wait a couple of pages and see if anyone else interprets the 'ADIRU' input differently. Are you saying, then, that a low 'detected' IAS will increase effective elevator 'gearing' which will produce a greater THS follow-up movement?

henra - it has been stated that the THS locks in one of the failure modes - ie autotrim ceases to function. Regarding 'translation', I feel that if FCOM Vol 3, Supplementary Techniques, Flight Controls, Flight Mode. (3.04.27 P3) did not mean 'locked' (in English) then it should say so?.

mm43 7th Jul 2011 20:55

BOAC;

Could I put it this way -

The only known method of locking the THS position is to hold on to the trim wheel. So if the THS is > 8 degrees and held, the elevator may not be effective at more than 180 KTS.

rudderrudderrat 7th Jul 2011 20:59

Hi BOAC,

The "gearing" "Q pot" etc. is now done via the ADIRU input. It would probably feel "twitchy" if the real airspeed was greater than sensed. However, the elevator position to hold a given attitude would be the same and hence so would the trim position.

henra 7th Jul 2011 21:01


Originally Posted by BOAC (Post 6558370)
henra - it has been stated that the THS locks in one of the failure modes - ie autotrim ceases to function. Regarding 'translation', I feel that if FCOM Vol 3, Supplementary Techniques, Flight Controls, Flight Mode. (3.04.27 P3) did not mean 'locked' (in English) then it should say so?.

Hmm maybe we still have a different notion of the word 'locked'.

I understand that in Abnormal law as well as in Direct law Auto Trim is lost/disabled and the THS will stay in the last position unless manually manipulated by the Trim wheel.
However, I'm not aware that there is any kind of blockage/hindrance against manual operation of the Trim. Just the system won't do it for you any more automatically. Effectively you change plane from A to B.
Also the schematics which have been posted point in that direction.

KBPsen 7th Jul 2011 21:34

You are trying really hard not to fall off the outrage express, aren't you BOAC.

As any other mechanical system a stabilizer can become locked, blocked, jammed, immovable, seized up........Should I continue?

http://img219.imageshack.us/img219/9...abctlfault.jpg

BOAC 7th Jul 2011 21:37

Just remember I did not write the word 'locked' in the FCOM please.

KBP - many expresses do not stop until they reach destination. So, for 'lock' we now read 'jammed'? Nothing to do with the cessation of removal of autotrim function. My goodness me, that took a while, but I think I saw a train approaching the station.

PJ2 7th Jul 2011 22:06

FWIW, wrt the visibility of the THS indication and the F/O's sidestick, two views of the cockpit - Daytime, A330, night-time, A340:

http://www.smugmug.com/photos/i-bJvf...-bJvfTcP-L.jpg


http://www.smugmug.com/photos/i-WJNx...-WJNxHQf-L.jpg

A33Zab 7th Jul 2011 22:20

@ BOAC and others:
 
I did try to clarify to prevent discussion:


I think you understand but for the ones which do not:

Pls don't consider the THS being locked but read as:

"If THS > 8 up (and no autotrim available), full elevator pitch down authority may be insufficient for speeds above 180 knots."
But I get the impression I failed..........

This remark is given in the mentioned FCOM 3.....when a FCTL STAB CTL FAULT is present. This was for sure NOTthe case here. The THS was free (NOT locked) to move Airplane Nose Down.

What it will say is that full elevator authority alone is not sufficient to counteract the PITCH UP THS position if this is > 8 ANU and if Speed > 180 Knots.
If THS <=8 ANU the elevator deflection alone can counteract a THS 8 (or less) ANU position.

If SS input was FWD the THS would have followed the command as designed.

@ BOAC:

The FCPC gets ADR & IR information to compensate for speed.
The IR part can't be compared to the old INU systems, this is very precise accelerometers and 3 axis ring laser gyros equipment and yes the crew is allowed to have a peek on the same signals through its PFD.

There is an interface with ATA 76 (engine controls) but these are discrete signals only and used for ground spoiler logic(T/L position), for 3rd T/R lock release and for limitation of the green servo control speed in case of a dual engine failure.

@CS:

Maybe you have better eyes then me, I need periscopic glasses to do it without interfering the guys on P1 or P2.

DJ77 7th Jul 2011 22:30

PJ2,

the trim wheel moves with trim changes in either manual or auto flight. It is in motion, quite frequently, with the small speed/pitch changes that normally occur
Thanks for your answer. Then, there is perhaps a (remote) possibility that a PNF could suspect inadequate pitch inputs by the PF by noticing from the corner of an eye the trimwheel moving in an unexpected way. This is probably irrelevant, however, in a tight situation.

Mr Optimistic 7th Jul 2011 22:41

What factors do the designers consider when setting out how far the THS can travel ? Would it have mattered much in real life if it had been limited to less than 8 degrees NU ?

A33Zab 7th Jul 2011 22:43

@ somebody who asked manual pitch trim rate.
 
One stroke on the Trimwheel ~0.65° THS movement. (2 hydr. motors B+Y available)

PJ2 7th Jul 2011 22:58

DJ77;

Then, there is perhaps a (remote) possibility that a PNF could suspect inadequate pitch inputs by the PF by noticing from the corner of an eye the trimwheel moving in an unexpected way. This is probably irrelevant, however, in a tight situation.
Re your first statement, in a word, yes, I think it is possible to put together a THS wheel rolling aft out of the corner of one's eye while observing the pitch increase and the inappropriately high vertical speed but it requires a calm eye in the face of the unfamiliar and a habit of not focussing on the same thing as the other crew member. I think there's more than that: Listening to that "sixth sense" would be part of it... the fact that the air noise begins to go a LOT quieter when the pitch is still high, one begins to slowly, gently feel lighter in the seat and one can begin to actually hear the engines, as well as paying attention to whatever it is in one's belly that says things aren't good. But I think your second statement applies as well.

Machinbird 8th Jul 2011 04:11


One stroke on the Trimwheel ~0.65° THS movement. (2 hydr. motors B+Y available)
So if trim is sitting at 13 degrees aircraft nose up direction and you need to get it down to around 4 degrees ANU to recover, it would take 13-14 strokes on the trimwheel.

Anyone have an idea how long that might take to execute? Does trim wheel motion keep pace with the THS position on its way down to reduced trim or can it get out in front of it and let the tail catch up?

gums 8th Jul 2011 06:00

Control stick, AoA, autothrust in lites
 
Salute!

Thanks to EMIT, thanks.....

- The transition from a big stick or yoke to the "force" transducers was very easy. Like about 3 or 4 seconds on first flight. Put some pressure on the stick and the jet moved ( rolled or pitched). I flew with many fossils and newbies in the family model, and that was my experience when letting them fly.

- The family model sticks "added" the command for roll and pitch, and we could not see the other guy's inputs, nor would it have made any difference. as the stick didn't move more than a few millimeters. So I could 'help" the newbie, but if I let go he would wonder why the jet was trying to climb a bit on final approach.

- I flew three jets with the AoA indicators. The two that counted were the SLUF and the Viper. The SLUF was a Navy variant and had the "indexer" lights up on the glareshield, or on one side of the Head Up Display. This allowed us to fly the optimum AoA on approach without calculating weight versus speed. AoA is AoA, regardless of your weight.... duuuuuh. We still had to do a rough, rule-of-thumb, correlation of our indicator with the airspeed we expected. This was due to leading edge flaps that allowed a higher speed for the same AoA and other factors. Nevertheless, the Navy folks here can tell ya about the AoA "indexer" lights.

- The Hornet has an "autothrust" feature. Only did a few approaches in the sim, but I basically used pitch for AoA , and let the motors handle the vertical velocity part of the function. Not sure how this works for the heavies, and I really didn't find the feature all that neat. I preferred to trim for the AoA and use throttle for descent. I also had the neat HUD flight path doofer to see where I would impact if I didn't change anything. Saw it first in 1971 when checking out in the SLUF, and it was a real treat.

As another contributor has stated, wings provide lift according to AoA and "q". It's the same for a 'bus as for a Cessna or an F-22. I do not advocate yet another indicator in the cockpit, but for approaches an AoA indicator could be very useful. OTOH, when near a stall or actually in a stall, the AoA indicator is of extreme value.

One of these days I can digitize my HUD video of the leading edge failure episode. The flight path marker really helped me, as the bird was yawing quite a bit, reacting funny with roll inputs ( all 1 -2 pounds of available command authority) and you can see my goal - 1,000 feet down the runway!

from the high mountains in Colorado, I comment, read, and learn from my fellow pilots flying vastly different aircraft.......

jcjeant 8th Jul 2011 06:03

Hi,


So if trim is sitting at 13 degrees aircraft nose up direction and you need to get it down to around 4 degrees ANU to recover, it would take 13-14 strokes on the trimwheel.
From the Rumours and News:

BEA

"At 2 h 12 min 02, the PF said "I don’t have any more indications", and the PNF said "we have no valid indications". At that moment, the thrust levers were in the IDLE detent and the engines’ N1’s were at 55%. Around fifteen seconds later, the PF made pitch-down inputs. In the following moments, the angle of attack decreased, the speeds became valid again and the stall warning sounded again."

So there is no evidence that the PF did not in fact maintain the nosedown inputs?

Typically of the BEA (on this occasion) the note later mentions both pilots applying simultaneous inputs - but it doesn't indicate whether those inputs were up or down......

On the other hand, the BEA DOES say without equivocation that the THS remained in the same 'full up' position that it had adopted (for whatever reason) at the onset of the accident "until the end of the flight." And, as the BEA said in the earlier Perpignan report which I quoted above, this would likely have left the pilots in a situation which they "could not manage to counter, even with the sidestick at the nose-down stop"?
http://www.pprune.org/rumours-news/4...ml#post6558788

When PF make nose up stick inputs the THS follow .. and when PF made nose down inputs the THS don't follow
Why :confused:


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