About IGS approach
 

Is the ILS and IGS transmitter and receiver are same? how we install the ILS component in case of IGS approach? wat is the meaning of 47 degree offset....:sad:

The IGS at Kai Tak was indeed a conventional ILS localiser and glide path transmitter assembly however it was situated on a small rocky hill to the west of the airfield and not in line with the runway as is usual. Its purpose was to position the aircraft to a point over Kowloon from where a visual right turn through 47degrees was required to line up with runway13. Hence the statement in the AIP that `continued flight on the IGS did not ensure terrain clearance`!! When visual and by minima at latest, the IGS had to be disregarded, the GPWS G/S signal inhibited and the turn onto the runway flown by visual reference. For 80% of the year the cloudbase was above 1500ft with good visibility.

Wheren't the checkerboards fun ;-)