LAPL Privileges

[Mach Jump]

How is the following dog's breakfast being interpreted by most people?

(a) The privileges of an LAPL(A) shall be limited to the class and variant of aeroplanes or TMG in which the skill test was taken. This limitation may be removed when the pilot has completed in another class the requirements below:

1. 3 hours of flight instruction, including:
(i) 10 dual take-offs and landings
(ii) 10 supervised solo take-offs and landings

2. a skill test to demonstrate an adequate level of practical skill in the new class. During this skill test, the applicant shall also demonstrate to the examiner an adequate level of theoretical knowledge for the other class in the following subjects:
(i) Operational procedures
(ii) Flight performance and planning
(iii) Aircraft general knowledge

(b) Before the holder of an LAPL can exercise the privileges of the licence on another variant of aeroplane than the one used for the skill test, the pilot shall undertake differences or familiarisation training. The differences training shall be entered in the pilot’s logbook or equivalent document and signed by the instructor.

In particular, how specific is the term 'variant'. It suggests that, if you have passed your test in, for instance, a Cessna FRA 150 M, then that is all you can fly, without further training, and a signature in your logbook!

Also, What if you convert from another Licence, without having to complete a Skill Test?

Am I missing something?:confused:


MJ:ok:

[Whopity]

From the Explanatory Notes of EASA List of Class or Type Ratings:Before operating the aircraft detailed in the respective Licence Endorsement Lists, it is
the responsibility of the competent Authority to ensure satisfactory assessment of
such aircraft.
2.4 FCL.710 addresses class and type ratings concerning variants. In order to
extend his/her privileges to another variant of aircraft within one class or type
rating, the pilot shall undertake differences or familiarisation training. In the case
of variants within a type rating, the differences or familiarisation training shall
include the relevant elements defined in the operational suitability data established
in accordance with Part-21.
Differences training requires the acquisition of additional knowledge and training on
an appropriate training device or the aircraft. Familiarisation training requires the
acquisition of additional knowledge (GM1 FCL.710)
Whenever “(D)” is indicated in column 3 in one of the lists mentioned in
paragraphs 2.1 to 2.3 above, it indicates that differences training in accordance
with FCL.710 is required when moving between variants or other types of aircraft
which are separated by the use of a line, in column 2.
Although the licence endorsement (in column 4) contains all aircraft listed in column
2, the required familiarization or differences training must be completed before
operating the respective variants

[BillieBob]

There is no requirement for differences training between SEP types (except, of course, for tailwheel, VP prop SLPC, etc.). If, having undertaken the skill test on a C150, you wish to fly a PA28 then you need to undertake familiarisation training, which is undefined and amounts to generally no more than reading the POH. There is no requirement for certification of familiarisation training, nor for it to be supervised or given by an instructor.

[sapperkenno]

Without a decent definition of "variant" it's anyone's guess. I would like to think it means something along the lines of a bog-standard, "normal" variant (SEP, Land) which is the basic privilege obtained after passing the test, and then further variants would be allowed as previously mentioned, requiring the various sign-offs (tailwheel, retractable etc) after differences/familiarisation training.

[3 Point]

EASA explains clearly what it means by "variant" in the list of type and class ratings here ...

http://easa.europa.eu/system/files/dfu/20140930%20EASA%20T_R_List_Acft.pdf

and in the explanation for that list here ...

http://easa.europa.eu/system/files/dfu/20140930%20Explanatory%20Notes%20EASA%20T_R_List.pdf


within the SEP(Land) class rating there are 8 "variants" listed in column 2 of the list, these are ...

SEP(Land)
SEP(Land) with VP prop
SEP(Land) with retractable landing gear
SEP(Land) with turbo/superchanrged engine
SEP(Land) with cabin pressurisatoin
SEP(Land) with tailwheel
SEP(Land) with EFIS
SEP(Land) with Single lever power control

If you are changing from one of these variants to another you need differences training from an Instructor. If you are changing aeroplane types within the same variant you need "familiarization training" which means a self study of the books and any other relevant materials you consider necessary. This is set out in the Guidance Material to FCL.135 as follows ...

GM1 FCL.135.A; FCL.135.H
DIFFERENCES AND FAMILIARISATION TRAINING
(a) Differences training requires the acquisition of additional knowledge and
training on an appropriate training device or the aircraft.
(b) Familiarisation training requires the acquisition of additional knowledge.

[sapperkenno]

Not too far off then. Do I win £5? :}

[Mach Jump]

Thank you gentlemen. That's what I thought.


Kenno: You ought to know better by now. As a Flying instructor you don't get the £5 regardless if you are right or wrong. :ugh:


MJ:ok:

[Level Attitude]

FCL.135.A LAPL(A) — Extension of privileges (of the Licence) to another class or variant of aeroplaneNow we know what an LAPL holder is required to do. Do we agree on who may conduct any required training?

A CRI would seem an appropriate Rating, but:
FCL.905.CRI CRI — Privileges and conditions
(a) The privileges of a CRI are to instruct for:
(1) the issue, revalidation or renewal of a class or type rating Can such Instruction from a CRI be used to extend Licence privileges?

Could Dual flying with a CRI be used to regain LAPL privileges for a holder who had not done the required hours in the previous two years?

Can a one hour Dual flight with a CRI count as the 1 hour with an Instructor required in order to maintain Licence privileges?

[Mach Jump]

At first glance. It would apear not, as the basic LAPL doesn't have any Class or Type Ratings attched to it to be 'Revalidated' or' Renewed'.

A CRI could however, carry out 'Differences Training', as this does not renew/revalidate a rating.

If, however, it is accepted that a LAPL, Is both a licence and, by default, an 'SSEA' Class rating combined, then renewing/revalidating the Licence privileges, would be, by the same logic, renewing/revalidating the 'Rating'.


MJ:ok:

[Level Attitude]

If, however, it is accepted that a LAPL, Is both a licence and, by default, an 'SSEA' Class rating combined, then renewing/revalidating the Licence privileges, would be, by the same logic, renewing/revalidating the 'Rating'.Unfortunately that is not even hinted at in Part-FCL.

A CRI could however, carry out 'Differences Training', as this does not renew/revalidate a rating.As it is an 'Appropriate' Instructor Rating, I believe that a CRI may carry out any Dual Class Training, including 'Differences Training', they like.

Any such Training could be used towards Class Rating issue, revalidation or renewal because that is stated in the CRI privileges but, the conundrum is, can it 'legally' be used to extend an LAPL Holder's Licence privileges?

Differences Training is signed up in a student's Log Book so any problems, if there are any, would only likely come to light well in to the future. Which is why I would rather it was officially confirmed (Yes or No) now.

[BEagle]

This anomaly will be resolved when EU regulation 1178/2011 is amended, probably taking effect on 8 Apr 2015.