RAT5, 'seat of the pants' (acceleration), perhaps one of those senses which is degraded in surprising and stressful situations, or during high workload. And the eyes, or the interpretation of what is seen, can lie, this sense can differer or conflict with information from other senses.
Humans do not have a 'comparator' detection and alerting system. At best we might experience similar situations in training and flag the need for caution when encountered in operation, e.g. after 'seeing' (understanding) the Muller-Lyer illusion, it may be possible to identify similar situations and avoid them, not be caught out by the misleading information.
Illusionary effects can be used to aid safety, cf M-L illusion road markings when approaching a narrow bridge; ... but that might not prevent a double decker bus driving under a bridge which is to low; the situation is assessed on where we 'look' and what we 'see' (or wish to see - bias or prepositioning from experience/training)
Most simulators, as good as they can be, are unable to simulate prolonged acceleration, and thus are very weak in creating illusionary effects.