Bad data messing with autoflight is certainly not Airbus-specific. With Airbus FBW, the protections do not "take over", they limit and constrain attitude.
Bad data is indeed a problem with any FBW design. It still seems that the AB design is prone to create some very unforgiving conditions when seeded with bogus or unexpected information (Perpignan comes into mind). Not sure if there is really a way around it or if it is the price to pay for advanced flight automation.