Housing allowance (what's the accomodations like?)
Accomodation is a disappointment but it is for free so one should not really complain. It varies from smallish villas to flats depending on what is available when you require it. The allowance pay out is not enough to get you anything if you have a family, you will definately have to pay out of your pocket. If you are single it will work.
Transport allowance (is there any?)
About 500 aed a month if I am not mistaken
Exhange rate protection (is it that under the increment of 500 AED/700AED month/year - or is this the Bonus?)
No such thing at Etihad
Provident fund (none until now, except for the so called "End of Career Benefit", any news on that one?)
End of Service benefits is only given as that is a National UAE Labor law. The have tried to pass off the "Rent to Buy" where Etihad acts as your mortgage broker to be your provident fund.
Share Options (are they in the stock market?)
Not sure, never have been offered this.
Is there any health care package at all or any reimbursement?
You are provided with a very weak Health insurance package for you and your family.