Another Swiss cheese hole is when the AA crew were holding and expecting to cross the runway ahead of them ATC said "Cross runway 31L at Kilo"
If ATC had said to them, "Turn right on Kilo and cross 31L" I do not think the incident would have happened as the instruction to turn right would have been different to what they were expecting and would have made them realise.
Isn't the key bit here "Cross runway 31L"? Even at the little puddle jumper airports I fly into there are big red signs telling you what the ahead runway is and the holding point.
Surely you would want to visually confirm the identity of any active runway you are about to enter?