John:. .. .I believe the two surges your are referring to are all surges. There are recoverable surges and irrecoverable surges. For the latter, you will need to shutdown the engine. Also, I don't think it's true that Americans use the word stall exclusively. I do notice the American engine company that has fewer surge problems with their products tend to use stall and surge interchangeably. Contrary to what Keith has said, my understanding is when a blade row stalls, it's (almost) always rotating stall, and there are more types of rotating stall than what Keith has explained. I would say a lot of people in the US would use rotating stall for stall (local phenomenon), and either surge or stall for surge (system phenomenon). And often times, a rotating stall is a precursor to a surge.. . . . <small>[ 03 March 2002, 15:48: Message edited by: casual observer ]</small>