I have made a partial breakthrough...
To a file explorer
running in the phone, there are drives c: d: e: where e: is a micro-SD card.
Deep in the phone settings, I can make the phone's USB port look like
Mass storage
Media transfer
Nokia suite
Use phone as a modem
I had it set to Nokia suite. Setting it to Mass storage reveals d: and e: as drive letters

I still cannot see c: but that's probably because Nokia deliberately block it when the "mass storage" mode is activated. For hacked phones, there are drive remapping utilities that achieve that