Hobbit,
Does anybody know if the pay quoted by Parc is before or after tax?
The pay quoted by Parc is BEFORE tax.
Assuming you're going to commute, Parc gets your salary from AJV in US$, which can then be converted to certain other currencies by Parc (GBP & Euro), if you wish. This money then goes straight to the bank account you've specified. It is then up to you to ensure the taxes are paid in your country of residence.
I believe CReW/HACS does it slightly differently, as they are more geared towards the US way of doing things. As I understand it, they take out the US Federal tax and then it's up to the US pilots to sort out state taxes. I've probably got that completely screwed up as I'm neither a US pilot, nor with CReW, and hopefully someone will put me straight on the way they do things. The important thing being CReW do subtract some money before it goes to your bank account, Parc don't.
If you compare the Parc numbers and the CReW numbers you will see, funny old thing, that they add up to the same thing. In other words, both companies' figures are BEFORE tax.....and THEN they work slightly differently.
If you're going to live in Japan then I'm afraid I haven't got a clue but we don't get involved with Japanese tax on the commuting contracts